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Dick Hebdige’s “Subculture: The Meaning of Style”

Posted by Jeff Allred (he/him/his) on

Dick Hebdige’s “Subculture: The Meaning of Style” considers the effects of a clash between ideology and semiotics: that clash being in the form of subcultures. He also discusses how the emergence of these subcultures tips the delicate social order off its axes via their grave “violations of [the] authorized codes” (2482). However, his main topic of debate appears to be how these violations and “horrendous aberrations” (2482) are transformed into desirable commodities that are sold and resold to the public until they lose all initial shock value and no longer pose a threat to a society’s conventional manner of conduct.

Through my reading of the essay, a completely unrelated image had to present itself and show some sort of correlation to what Hebdige was discussing (according to my twisted imagination, anyway). I was confronted with the image of a cut on the arm or leg – any external body part, really. The damage done to the blood vessel interrupts the entire mechanism of the body and diverts some attention to the cut. In response, the body secretes platelets and strands of fibrin through the site of the damage to form a mesh layer of sorts over the cut to form a scab and, eventually, restrict the loss of blood to a minimum. This “damage control” allows the body to resume its function. I think this connects to Hebdige’s theory of society’s reassessment of these rising subcultures to manipulate how they are perceived by the public and to “minimize the Otherness” (2487). The burst blood vessel is the emerging subculture and the body signifies community, while the scab symbolizes the restoration of conventional, every day goings on. This marketing method results in these subcultures’ “diffusion and defusion” (2483) into the conventions of society. All order and normality is thus re-established. Huzzah.

The “process of recuperation” (2484) by which the scab is formed is compressed by Hebdige into two courses of action: 1) making sub-cultural staples into mass-marketed commodities, widely desired by members of the public, and 2) marketing the deviancy of these subcultures differently than the way observers have been viewing them. These methods of “dealing with the threat” (2486) are labeled “the commodity form” and “the ideological form”, respectively. Though entirely oppressive and domineering, these are quite brilliant strategies of eliminating the “otherness”; Rather than projecting hostility towards anything that presents conflict to a particular community’s ideologies, that tension-creator is met with deceiving acceptance which will, in time, transform that controversial subculture into a negligible component of community, hereby eradicating its menace.

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A Man Among Men

Posted by Jeff Allred (he/him/his) on

Franz Fanon, in confrontation with racism and a white man, realizes his true standing and status as an individual in society. This realization is a sense of otherness he felt is because he realized his inferiority through the gaze of the white man and describes it as traumatic. The sense of “blackness” is the ontological triplication of three selves or beings. He goes on to describe how a black man is responsible for his body, race and ancestors. And overall if a black man does not carry himself in a way that is deemed socially acceptable he is stereotyped. The connotations that revolve around the very word “black” creates a social stigma which creates this image of a black man as foreign. The words, “nigger,” “negro,” and “monster” used in this reading conjure this impression of something evil and repellent which is the reason he comes to the realization of this “otherness.” Fanon also describes how among black men a black man will not feel this “otherness” and inferiority and all in all this shows how self-identity for black men was difficult to achieve. In simpler terms, in today’s society we experience racism but definitely not to this extreme. Individuals, particularly black men or women, do not feel ostracized and feel as if they are objects and more harshly, nothing at all. Generally, there isn’t an extreme quest for self-identity because of race in our society now. But Fanon’s in-depth description of this trauma where he realizes his inferiority shows that self-identity was quite a big factor for a black man. He is human yet not human at all. Fanon therefore could not develop a bodily schema and his consciousness became three people, in a sense, and he loses himself because he becomes enveloped in living up to this name that his ancestors, race, and body have already made. He realizes this when he is in the train and realizes that the whites were afraid of him. He couldn’t laugh for his corporeal schema and becomes overwhelmed with this aspect. This corporeal schema is then replaced by a racial epidermal schema and this phase is where he discovers his “three selves” as he says, “I existed triply: I occupied space. I moved toward the other…and the evanescent other, hostile but not opaque, transparent, not there, disappeared. Nausea…” This relates back to his quest to become a man and not just any man but a man among men.

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